Wednesday, May 13, 2020

The Impact of Production Offshoring on Labor in Developing...

The Impact of Production Offshoring on Labor Force in Developing Countries Name: CHEN, Jiangying Student ID: 08577449 Date: 30/11/2010 Table of Content 1. Introduction...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 2. Definition of Core Concepts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 a) Production Offshoring.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 b) Labor Force†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 3. Beneficial Impacts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 4. Harmful Impacts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 5. Personal Opinions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 6. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...10 7. Appendix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 8. Reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.16 Introduction This paper aims to demonstrate production offshoring’s†¦show more content†¦According to Mr. Robert C. Feenstra, an economy professor from University of California, Davis, when the company off-shores its production, most of the time, it will off-shore the least technical part because of both its concern about piracy of intellectual property and the low technological level of its offshore partners. However, when it has benefited from this relocation and starts to consider further off-shoring its production, it now has to move the part with the currently lowest technological requirement. But this requirement is higher than that of the part which is already off-shored, leading to the relative increase in the demand for skilled labor in developing countries and thus, increasing their relative wage rates (Figure 1). At the same time, this benefit may be partly offset by the popularization of education and the high incentive, i.e. higher wages, to become skilled labor, whic h will increase its supply and thus, decrease its wage rates. Luckily for them, the net effect is still positive, probably because the rapid growth of production offshoring outpaces the growth of skilled labor. A typical example comes from Mexico. In Figure 2, we can see that from the mid 1960s to the mid 1980s, there was a continuous decrease in the wages of Mexico’s skilled labor relative to unskilled labor. Feenstra explained that this might â€Å"have to do with the increase in the supply of skilled labor†during these two decades. But sinceShow MoreRelatedOutsourcing And Re Shoring Production1732 Words   |  7 Pagesformerly invulnerable to offshoring to be sent overseas. As globalization advances, the off shoring movement is likely to escalate as well. Nonetheless, numerous manufacturing companies such as Caterpillar, Bosh, and Phillips have disclosed that they will return part of their off-shored production to their home countries.(When Manufacturing moves back 1) Throughout this paper I will discuss the politics of offshoring and re-shoring production as well as reflect on globalized production and how these conceptsRead MoreThe Impact Of Offshoring On Both High Skill ed And Low Skilled Workers During Developing Countries Through Examining The Heckscher Ohlin Model1881 Words   |  8 Pagesglobal economy. Ever since the joining of workers from developing countries, the international labor pool has seen approximately twice the size than before. On one side, this is beneficial for high-skilled workers and firms in advanced countries, as they enjoy more trading opportunities, higher labor demand, and lower production costs through offshoring and outsourcing. On the other side, the influx of low wage labor (from developing countries) has brought competitions and may pose a threat to workersRead MoreLesson 5 Discussion Forum : Caterpillar Inc.1451 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween two tractor companies. However, the official genesis was in 1986 when the company reorganized under the Caterpillar Inc. name. The CAT headquarters are in Peoria, Illinois. Over the years, CAT has offshored a lot of their manufacturing. Offshoring is different than outsourcing because the company still has ownership of the process. However, the location of the process is abroad. On the other hand, outsourcing is the complete transfer of ownership of a process or product that the companyRead MoreThe Negatives And Positives Of Offshoring1012 Words   |  5 PagesIn this paper the negatives and positives of offshoring are discussed. Offshoring has become a way of life for many businesses. It is widely accepted that offshoring is a strategic business decision. Many organizations are taking advantage of these opportunities because of the benefits to them and their customers. In order to compete with other companies many businesses are finding it necessary to outsource to other countries. Offshoring has produced some economic benefits but it has also createdRead MoreEssay on Offshore Outsourcing1661 Words   |  7 Pages Many believes that this is a good thing, because living standards around the world will rise, and workers in developing nations will get new and higher-paying jobs, and consumers in the U.S. will be able to buy products that are cheaper than if they were made at home. This paints a scenario where everyone seems to be at the winning end right? This expansion of labor has provoked many controversial debates questioning whether sending so many American jobs overseas is healthy forRead MoreThe Impact of Outsourcing on the U.S. Economy Essay561 Words   |  3 Pagespositive or negative effect on the U.S. economy. It may actually depend on which perspective you take on it. As stated by Hira and Hira (2005), outsourcing in the services sector is a major shift in how the economy operates and will have serious impacts, both positive and negative, on the trajectory of economic growth, distribution of income and the workforce. However, there are many factors to take into account when considering globalization. Companies must familiarize themselves with the variousRead MoreIndias Growing Economy And Its Effects On The U.s.1960 Words   |  8 Pagesgrowth in its own country as well as the global community. The rise of India will have a significant impact, not only on the U.S. economy, but the world. Factors of India’s Economic Growth Several growth factors contribute to India’s burgeoning national and global economic presence. Having the largest population of youth on the planet means that India’s workforce is surging, especially in the industries of agriculture, manufacturing, and retail. The nation’s growth in production, disposable incomeRead MoreThe World Is Flat !, By Thomas L. Friedman1524 Words   |  7 Pagesand information have produced the best outcome for growth and human welfare. Therefore, it is little doubt that globalisation has positive impact on developed and developing countries. When it comes to China, ever since it formally joined WTO, great benefits has been gained from the international trade while a huge boost to the collaboration with other countries. The issue of globalisation in China, including demonstrating why globalisation is beneficial for China, the status quo situation of globalisationRead MoreThe Impact of Offshoring on the U.S. Economy1154 Words   |  5 Pagesproduce the same good or services as abroad. This foreign direct investment (FDI) is done to strategically place production closer to the target market. Doing this provides advantages surrounding transportation cost while enhancing learning associated with local needs. A vertical multinational is one that fragments a portion of its good to take advantage of lower cost (i.e. cheap labor). Markusen and Maskus found horizontal multinational replaces trade whereas, a vertical multinational positivelyRead MoreSelecting a Locale for Global Outsourcing1087 Words   |  4 Pagessmall companies engaging in growth. One of the most determinant changes brought on by free trade and its gradual permeation of the developing world is the appeal of global outsourcing or off- shoring for growing American businesses. Outsourcing is the practice by which companies will employ agencies external to the company, and increasingly external even to the primary country of operation, in order to attain specialty services at a fee-per-service basis. Also important to the discussion, the concept of

No comments:

Post a Comment

Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.